ASSESSMENT PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES

Abstract

This article discusses the main principles and practices of assessment in modern education. Assessment is considered one of the most important components of the teaching and learning process because it helps teachers evaluate students’ knowledge, skills, and progress. The study examines different types of assessment, including formative, summative, diagnostic, and peer assessment. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the principles of validity, reliability, fairness, practicality, and transparency in assessment practices. The research is based on scientific literature, educational theories, and modern pedagogical approaches. The findings show that effective assessment not only measures students’ achievement but also improves learning motivation and critical thinking skills. The article also provides recommendations for improving assessment practices in educational institutions.