EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA AND MODERN DIAGNOSTIC METHODS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/Keywords:
Glaucoma, early diagnosis, intraocular pressure, optic nerve, visual field, perimetry, tonometry, optical coherence tomography, retina, screening, diagnostics.Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic ophthalmological disease characterized by progressive damage to the optic nerve, which may ultimately lead to complete vision loss over time. It is one of the leading causes of blindness and visual disability worldwide. Due to its often asymptomatic and insidious course, early detection of glaucoma remains a significant clinical challenge. This article analyzes the problem of early glaucoma diagnosis, its pathophysiological mechanisms, and the effectiveness of modern diagnostic methods. During the study, tonometry, perimetry, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were compared. The results demonstrated that clinical symptoms may be absent during the early stages of glaucoma; however, subclinical changes can be detected using modern instrumental diagnostic techniques. In conclusion, early diagnosis of glaucoma is essential for preserving visual function and slowing disease progression.
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