VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT “FIRE” IN ENGLISH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17855662Keywords:
fire, English language, metaphor, idiom, linguocultural features, cognitive linguistics, emotional and moral meaningsAbstract
This article investigates the verbalization of the concept “fire” in English, focusing on its linguocultural and cognitive dimensions. Fire is a central concept in English, appearing in both literal and metaphorical contexts. It is represented lexically through words such as fire, flame, blaze, inferno, and wildfire and appears in numerous idioms, metaphors, and literary expressions. These verbalizations convey emotional, social, and moral meanings, reflecting cultural attitudes toward energy, passion, danger, and transformation. The study also examines historical, stylistic, and cognitive factors that shape English fire expressions, demonstrating the dynamic interaction between language, culture, and conceptual thought.
References
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kövecses, Z. (2010). Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Barcelona, A. (2003). Metaphor and Metonymy at the Crossroads. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Gibbs, R. W. (1994). The Poetics of Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dante Alighieri. (1320). Inferno. Florence: Italian Manuscripts.
Crystal, D. (2003). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fauconnier, G., & Turner, M. (2002). The Way We Think. New York: Basic Books.
Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Attardo, S. (1994). Linguistic Theories of Humor. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Hymes, D. (1974). Foundations in Sociolinguistics. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Shakespeare, W. (1606). Macbeth. London: Nicholas Okes.
Hinton, L., Nichols, J., & Ohala, J. J. (1994). Sound Symbolism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gibbs, R. W., & Colston, H. L. (1995). The Cognitive Psychological Reality of Image Schemas. Cognitive Linguistics, 6(4), 347–378.
Mieder, W. (2004). Proverbs: A Handbook. Westport: Greenwood Press.
Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. London: Longman.
Kövecses, Z. (2002). Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shakespeare, W. (1606). Macbeth. London: Nicholas Okes.
Shifman, L. (2014). Memes in Digital Culture. Cambridge: MIT Press.
