CUMINUM CYMINUM L.O‘SIMLIGINING MORFOBIOLOGIK VA DORIVORLIK XUSUSIYATLARI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15385998Keywords:
Cuminum cyminum L., dorivor o‘simliklar, zira, morfobiologik xususiyatlar, efir moylari, kumin aldehidi, GC-MS, farmakologik faollik, antibakterial, antioksidant, xalq tabobati, fitoterapiya, fenolik birikmalar, O‘zbekiston florasi.Abstract
Cuminum cyminum L. (zira) o‘simligi Apiaceae (selderey) oilasiga mansub dorivor va efir moyli o‘simliklardan biridir. Ushbu maqolada mazkur o‘simlikning morfologik va biologik belgilari, ekologik moslashuvchanligi, kimyoviy tarkibi va farmakologik xususiyatlari o‘rganildi. Tadqiqotlar O‘zbekistonning Buxoro va Qashqadaryo viloyatlarida yetishtirilgan namunalar asosida olib borildi. Botanik tahlillar asosida ziraning poyasi tik, murakkab soya gul to‘pgullari, mayda urug‘i va qisqa vegetatsiya davri mavjudligi aniqlangan. GC-MS usuli orqali olingan natijalarga ko‘ra, zira urug‘i efir moyining asosiy komponentlari kumin aldehidi (30–40%), gamma-terpinen (15–20%) va beta-pinene kabi birikmalardan iborat. Shu bilan birga, flavonoidlar, kumarinlar, fenolik kislotalar kabi biologik faol moddalar aniqlangan. Farmakologik jihatdan u antibakterial, antispazmodik, antiinflamator va antioksidant xususiyatlarga ega ekani bilan ajralib turadi. Mazkur xususiyatlar zirani nafaqat xalq tabobatida, balki zamonaviy farmatsevtika, oziq-ovqat sanoati va fitoterapiyada keng qo‘llash imkonini beradi. Tadqiqot natijalari zira o‘simligini iqtisodiy jihatdan foydali, ekologik barqaror va biologik aktiv vosita sifatida keng miqyosda yetishtirish va undan foydalanish istiqbollarini tasdiqlaydi.
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