WHO IS RESPONSIBLE WHEN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAUSES HARM? COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CIVIL LIABILITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Civil Liability, Legal Responsibility, AI Governance, European Union AI Act, Human Oversight, Comparative Law.Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming modern societies by improving decision-making, enhancing productivity, and supporting innovation across healthcare, transportation, finance, public administration, and judicial systems. Despite these benefits, the growing autonomy of AI systems has created significant legal uncertainty concerning civil liability when AI causes harm. Traditional liability rules were developed to regulate human conduct and often fail to address situations involving autonomous algorithmic decision-making, complex software architecture, and multiple stakeholders participating in the AI lifecycle. Consequently, determining legal responsibility for AI-related damage has become one of the most challenging issues in contemporary legal scholarship.This article examines the allocation of civil liability for harm caused by Artificial Intelligence through doctrinal and comparative legal analysis.ย
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