“BORROWINGS IN ENGLISH AND THEIR LINGUISTIC IMPACT”

Abstract

Uzbek-language annotation (Latin script), 100–150 words This article investigates borrowings in English and evaluates their linguistic impact across phonology, morphology, semantics, and register. The study addresses the problem that borrowings are often described only historically, while their synchronically measurable effects on present-day usage and lexical organization are less consistently quantified. Using a mixed-method design, the research combines a curated corpus of contemporary English texts with etymological tagging and distributional analysis to compare borrowed and native lexical strata by domain, frequency, and structural integration. The novelty lies in linking degrees of integration to observable patterns of derivation, semantic shift, and stylistic stratification, demonstrating that borrowings not only expand vocabulary but also reconfigure productive word-formation and domain-specific precision. The findings have practical relevance for lexicography, academic English teaching, and terminology planning.