STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION OF HYDRONYMS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

Abstract

Hydronyms, as a special class of toponyms denoting water bodies, constitute an important object of linguistic, cultural, and historical research. Their structural composition reflects the interaction of language, geography, and collective cognition over long periods of time. This article presents a comparative analysis of the structural composition of hydronyms in English and Uzbek. The study focuses on morphological, lexical, and syntactic patterns that characterize hydronym formation in both languages. By examining simple, compound, and complex hydronyms, as well as affixal and syntactic models, the paper highlights both universal and language-specific features. The analysis demonstrates that while English hydronyms tend to favor compounding and descriptive lexical elements, Uzbek hydronyms show a strong inclination toward affixation and agglutinative structures. The findings contribute to comparative onomastics and provide a theoretical basis for further hydronymic studies.