MOLECULAR-GENETIC EXAMINATION METHODS IN DIAGNOSING INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS DEVELOPED AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF SYSTEMIC DISEASES

Abstract

When inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands (sialadenitis) develop against the background of systemic diseases, the clinical course becomes more complex, and the diagnostic process requires a multi-stage, multidirectional approach. Autoimmune diseases, endocrine disorders, metabolic syndrome, rheumatological pathologies, as well as immunosuppressive conditions can lead to chronic inflammation of the salivary glands, fibrosis of the parenchyma, ductal stricture, and secretion disruption. In modern medicine, along with clinical and instrumental methods, molecular genetic diagnostics is becoming increasingly important in determining the etiological basis of inflammation, assessing the severity of the disease, and selecting an individualized treatment strategy. In particular, sialadenitis associated with Sjögren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, granulomatous diseases, immune complex pathologies, autoinflammatory syndromes, and metabolic disorders have the potential for early detection through modern genetic markers.